Coronary Artery Disease Quiz Coronary Artery Disease Quiz 1. What is the main cause of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)? a) Bacterial infection b) Viral infection c) Atherosclerosis d) Autoimmune disorder 2. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for CAD? a) Hypertension b) Obesity c) Regular exercise d) Diabetes 3. What are the typical symptoms of CAD? a) Fever and cough b) Chest pain and discomfort c) Nausea and vomiting d) Dizziness and headache 4. How is CAD diagnosed?
Multiple-choice questions related to prostate cancer:
1) Which of the following is a common symptom of prostate cancer?
a. Chest pain
b. Headache
c. Difficulty urinating
d. Loss of appetite
2) Which of the following is a risk factor for prostate cancer?
a. A diet high in fruits and vegetables
b. Regular exercise
c. Family history of prostate cancer
d. Not smoking
3) How is prostate cancer diagnosed?
a. Physical examination
b. Blood test for prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
c. Biopsy of the prostate gland
d. All of the above
4) Which stage of prostate cancer means that the cancer has spread to other parts of the body?
a. Stage I
b. Stage II
c. Stage III
d. Stage IV
5) Which of the following is a common treatment option for prostate cancer?
a. Surgery to remove the prostate gland
b. Radiation therapy
c. Hormone therapy
d. All of the above
6) Mr. Smith is a 60-year-old man who presents with urinary frequency and urgency, as well as difficulty starting and stopping his urine stream. On digital rectal examination, his prostate gland feels enlarged and firm. What is the most likely diagnosis?
a. Prostate cancer
b. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
c. Prostatitis
d. Bladder cancer
7) Mr. Jones is a 75-year-old man with a history of prostate cancer treated with surgery 10 years ago. He now presents with elevated PSA levels. What is the most likely explanation for his elevated PSA levels?
a. Prostate cancer recurrence
b. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
c. Prostatitis
d. Urinary tract infection
8) Mr. Brown is a 65-year-old man with a family history of prostate cancer. He undergoes a PSA test, which returns a value of 5 ng/mL. What is the appropriate next step in his management?
a. Repeat the PSA test in 6 months
b. Refer for a prostate biopsy
c. Refer for a prostate MRI
d. No further action needed
9) Mr. Lee is a 70-year-old man who has been diagnosed with prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 7. What is the appropriate treatment for his prostate cancer?
a. Active surveillance
b. Surgery
c. Radiation therapy
d. Hormonal therapy
10) Mr. Johnson is a 80-year-old man with multiple comorbidities, including heart disease and diabetes. He has been diagnosed with prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 6. What is the appropriate treatment for his prostate cancer?
a. Active surveillance
b. Surgery
c. Radiation therapy
d. Hormonal therapy
11) Mr. Garcia is a 50-year-old man who is concerned about his risk of prostate cancer. What is the appropriate screening recommendation for him?
a. Annual PSA test starting at age 50
b. Annual PSA test starting at age 55
c. PSA test every 2 years starting at age 50
d. No PSA testing needed
12) Mr. Kim is a 65-year-old man with localized prostate cancer. He is considering treatment options and is concerned about the potential side effects of treatment. What is the most common side effect of radical prostatectomy?
a. Erectile dysfunction
b. Urinary incontinence
c. Bowel incontinence
d. Decreased libido
Answers:
1) c. Difficulty urinating
2) c. Family history of prostate cancer
3) d. All of the above
4) d. Stage IV
5) d. All of the above
6) b. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
The symptoms described in the scenario are consistent with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is a common condition in older men. Prostate cancer can also cause urinary symptoms, but a diagnosis of cancer cannot be made based on symptoms alone.
7) a. Prostate cancer recurrence
Elevated PSA levels in a man with a history of prostate cancer are concerning for cancer recurrence, especially if the PSA levels are rising over time. Benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis, and urinary tract infections can also cause elevated PSA levels, but cancer recurrence must be ruled out.
8) b. Refer for a prostate biopsy
A PSA level of 5 ng/mL is above the normal range for a man of Mr. Brown's age, and further investigation is warranted. The appropriate next step is a prostate biopsy, which can confirm or rule out the presence of cancer.
9) b. Surgery
Prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 7 is considered intermediate-risk disease, and treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy. The appropriate treatment depends on the patient's age, overall health, and personal preferences.
10) a. Active surveillance
Prostate cancer with a Gleason score of 6 is considered low-risk disease, and active surveillance is a reasonable option for most men in this situation. Surgery, radiation therapy, and hormonal therapy may be considered for certain patients with low-risk disease, depending on their individual circumstances.
11) b. Annual PSA test starting at age 55
The appropriate screening recommendation for prostate cancer depends on a man's individual risk factors, including age, family history, and race. For most men at average risk, the American Cancer Society recommends discussing the potential benefits and harms of PSA testing with their healthcare provider starting at age 50. However, some organizations recommend starting at age 55 or older.
12) b. Urinary incontinence
Radical prostatectomy (surgical removal of the prostate gland) is a common treatment for localized prostate cancer. The most common side effect of this procedure is urinary incontinence, which can occur in up to 30% of patients. Erectile dysfunction is also a common side effect, affecting up to 60% of patients. Bowel incontinence and decreased libido are less common.
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