Coronary Artery Disease Quiz Coronary Artery Disease Quiz 1. What is the main cause of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)? a) Bacterial infection b) Viral infection c) Atherosclerosis d) Autoimmune disorder 2. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for CAD? a) Hypertension b) Obesity c) Regular exercise d) Diabetes 3. What are the typical symptoms of CAD? a) Fever and cough b) Chest pain and discomfort c) Nausea and vomiting d) Dizziness and headache 4. How is CAD diagnosed?
Underactive Thyroid Causes, Diagnosis, Symptoms And Treatment
An underactive thyroid, also known as hypothyroidism, is a condition where the thyroid gland is not producing enough thyroid hormone to meet the body's needs. This can lead to a range of symptoms and health problems, including weight gain, fatigue, and depression. In this article, we will discuss the causes, diagnosis, symptoms, and treatment of underactive thyroid, as well as provide helpful tips on how to manage this condition.
Causes of Underactive Thyroid:
Underactive thyroid can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
Autoimmune Disease: Hashimoto's thyroiditis is an autoimmune disease that attacks the thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism.
Radiation Therapy: Radiation therapy used to treat cancer can damage the thyroid gland, leading to hypothyroidism.
Iodine Deficiency: Iodine is essential for the production of thyroid hormone. A lack of iodine in the diet can lead to hypothyroidism.
Medications: Certain medications, such as lithium, interferon alpha, and amiodarone, can interfere with thyroid function and lead to hypothyroidism.
Congenital Hypothyroidism: Some babies are born with an underactive thyroid gland, which is known as congenital hypothyroidism.
Diagnosis of Underactive Thyroid:
Diagnosing an underactive thyroid can be tricky, as symptoms can be vague and easily confused with other conditions. Some common tests used to diagnose hypothyroidism include:
Blood Tests: Blood tests can measure the levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) in the bloodstream. High TSH and low T3 and T4 levels are indicative of hypothyroidism.
Thyroid Ultrasound: A thyroid ultrasound can help determine the size and shape of the thyroid gland and identify any abnormalities.
Radioactive Iodine Uptake Test: This test involves taking a small dose of radioactive iodine and measuring how much is absorbed by the thyroid gland. Low uptake of radioactive iodine is indicative of hypothyroidism.
Symptoms of Underactive Thyroid:
Symptoms of hypothyroidism can vary from person to person, but some common symptoms include:
Fatigue: Feeling tired, sluggish, and exhausted all the time.
Weight Gain: Difficulty losing weight or sudden weight gain.
Depression: Feeling sad, anxious, and irritable.
Cold Sensitivity: Feeling cold all the time, even in warm temperatures.
Muscle and Joint Pain: Experiencing muscle and joint pain, weakness, and stiffness.
Treatment of Underactive Thyroid:
Treatment for hypothyroidism typically involves taking a daily dose of synthetic thyroid hormone. This medication, known as levothyroxine, is identical to the hormone produced by the thyroid gland and helps to restore normal thyroid function. It is important to take this medication at the same time every day and not to miss any doses.
In addition to medication, there are several lifestyle changes that can help manage hypothyroidism, including:
Eating a Balanced Diet: Eating a diet rich in whole grains, fruits, and vegetables can help provide the nutrients necessary for thyroid function.
Exercise: Regular exercise can help boost energy levels, reduce depression, and manage weight.
Stress Management: Managing stress through meditation, yoga, or other relaxation techniques can help reduce symptoms of hypothyroid
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