Coronary Artery Disease Quiz Coronary Artery Disease Quiz 1. What is the main cause of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)? a) Bacterial infection b) Viral infection c) Atherosclerosis d) Autoimmune disorder 2. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for CAD? a) Hypertension b) Obesity c) Regular exercise d) Diabetes 3. What are the typical symptoms of CAD? a) Fever and cough b) Chest pain and discomfort c) Nausea and vomiting d) Dizziness and headache 4. How is CAD diagnosed?
Multiple-choice questions and answers related to the causes and treatment of Respiratory Failure
Scenario: John, a 60-year-old man with a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), presents to the emergency department with worsening shortness of breath. He is cyanotic and has difficulty speaking in full sentences. His oxygen saturation is 85% on room air. What is the most likely cause of his respiratory failure?
a) Pulmonary embolism
b) Pneumonia
c) Asthma exacerbation
d) Acute exacerbation of COPD
Answer: d) Acute exacerbation of COPD
Scenario: Sarah, a previously healthy 35-year-old woman, is admitted to the hospital with acute respiratory distress. She has a high fever, productive cough, and chest pain. On auscultation, coarse crackles are heard throughout her lung fields. Chest X-ray reveals infiltrates in both lung fields. What is the most likely cause of her respiratory failure?
a) Pulmonary embolism
b) Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
c) Pneumonia
d) Acute asthma exacerbation
Answer: c) Pneumonia
Scenario: David, a 45-year-old man, is brought to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident. He is unconscious and his breathing is shallow and irregular. He has a weak pulse and low blood pressure. What is the most likely cause of his respiratory failure?
a) Traumatic brain injury
b) Drug overdose
c) Myasthenia gravis
d) Spinal cord injury
Answer: a) Traumatic brain injury
Scenario: Emily, a 55-year-old woman with a history of heart failure, presents to the emergency department with increasing shortness of breath. On examination, she has bilateral leg edema, jugular venous distention, and crackles on lung auscultation. Her oxygen saturation is 88% on room air. What is the most likely cause of her respiratory failure?
a) Acute exacerbation of heart failure
b) Pulmonary embolism
c) Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbation
d) Pulmonary fibrosis
Answer: a) Acute exacerbation of heart failure
Scenario: Mark, a 25-year-old previously healthy man, is admitted to the intensive care unit with severe respiratory distress. He has a high fever, diffuse rash, and a recent history of sore throat. On examination, he has inspiratory stridor and drooling. What is the most likely cause of his respiratory failure?
a) Epiglottitis
b) Acute bronchitis
c) Croup (laryngotracheobronchitis)
d) Allergic reaction
Answer: a) Epiglottitis
Scenario: Lisa, a 65-year-old woman with chronic respiratory failure due to advanced lung disease, is admitted to the hospital with worsening symptoms. She is on home oxygen therapy but remains dyspneic. What is the most appropriate treatment for her respiratory failure?
a) Administration of supplemental oxygen
b) Initiation of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)
c) Intubation and mechanical ventilation
d) Lung transplant
Answer: b) Initiation of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)
Scenario: Tom, a 40-year-old man with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), is on a ventilator in the intensive care unit. Despite optimal ventilator settings, his oxygenation remains poor. What is the most appropriate treatment for his refractory respiratory failure?
a) Prone positioning
b) Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
c) Inhaled nitric oxide
d) High-frequency oscillatory ventilation
Answer: b) Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)
Scenario: Maria, a 50-year-old woman with acute exacerbation of asthma, is brought to the emergency department with severe respiratory distress. Despite initial treatment with bronchodilators and systemic corticosteroids, her symptoms persist. What is the most appropriate treatment for her respiratory failure?
a) Intubation and mechanical ventilation
b) Initiation of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV)
c) Administration of inhaled short-acting beta-agonists
d) Continuous nebulized bronchodilator therapy
Answer: a) Intubation and mechanical ventilation
Scenario: James, a 60-year-old man with end-stage lung disease, is evaluated for lung transplant as a treatment for his chronic respiratory failure. Which of the following is a contraindication for lung transplantation?
a) Age over 65 years
b) Advanced liver disease
c) Coronary artery disease
d) Active malignancy
Answer: d) Active malignancy
Scenario: Sarah, a 45-year-old woman with respiratory failure due to severe obesity hypoventilation syndrome, is admitted to the hospital. In addition to supportive measures, which of the following interventions is most appropriate for her condition?
a) Initiation of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP)
b) Weight loss counseling
c) Administration of supplemental oxygen
d) Initiation of bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP)
Answer: d) Initiation of bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP)
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