Treatment Of Hypertension Multiple-choice questions and answers

Multiple-choice questions and answers related to the Treatment of Hypertension

Question 1:

Which of the following lifestyle changes is NOT recommended as a first-line treatment for hypertension?

A) Regular exercise

B) Smoking cessation

C) Adopting a healthy diet (e.g., DASH diet)

D) Reducing alcohol consumption

E) None of the above

Answer: E) None of the above

Question 2:

Which class of medications is often considered the first-line treatment for hypertension?

A) Beta-blockers

B) Diuretics

C) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

D) Calcium channel blockers

E) Alpha-blockers

Answer: B) Diuretics

Question 3:

Which of the following medication combinations is commonly used for hypertensive patients who do not respond to single-drug therapy?

A) Beta-blocker + Diuretic

B) ACE inhibitor + Alpha-blocker

C) Calcium channel blocker + Beta-blocker

D) ACE inhibitor + Diuretic

E) Calcium channel blocker + Alpha-blocker

Answer: D) ACE inhibitor + Diuretic

Question 4:

In hypertensive emergencies (severe hypertension with acute end-organ damage), which intravenous medication is commonly used for rapid blood pressure reduction?

A) Amlodipine

B) Metoprolol

C) Hydrochlorothiazide

D) Nitroglycerin

E) Nitroprusside

Answer: E) Nitroprusside

Question 5:

Which dietary modification is known to have a positive impact on blood pressure control?

A) Decreasing potassium intake

B) Increasing sodium intake

C) Consuming more processed foods

D) Reducing dietary fat intake

E) Increasing caffeine consumption

Answer: D) Reducing dietary fat intake

Question 6:

Which of the following lifestyle modifications has been shown to lower blood pressure in hypertensive patients?

A) Increased stress levels

B) Sedentary lifestyle

C) Weight loss

D) High sodium diet

E) Irregular sleep patterns

Answer: C) Weight loss

Question 7:

In patients with hypertension and diabetes, which class of medications is particularly beneficial due to its protective effects on the kidneys?

A) Beta-blockers

B) Diuretics

C) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

D) Calcium channel blockers

E) Alpha-blockers

Answer: C) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Question 8:

Which medication is commonly prescribed to pregnant women with hypertension to prevent complications?

A) Ibuprofen

B) Aspirin

C) Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

D) Methyldopa

E) Statins

Answer: D) Methyldopa

Question 9:

Which of the following is NOT a potential side effect of calcium channel blockers used for hypertension?

A) Headache

B) Peripheral edema

C) Constipation

D) Dry cough

E) Dizziness

Answer: D) Dry cough

Question 10:

For hypertensive patients who also suffer from angina (chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart), which class of medications is commonly prescribed?

A) Beta-blockers

B) Diuretics

C) Alpha-blockers

D) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

E) Calcium channel blockers

Answer: A) Beta-blockers

Question 11:

Which antihypertensive medication class is contraindicated in pregnant women due to the risk of fetal harm?

A) Beta-blockers

B) Diuretics

C) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

D) Calcium channel blockers

E) Alpha-blockers

Answer: C) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors

Question 12:

In resistant hypertension (when blood pressure remains high despite treatment with three or more medications), which procedure may be considered to interrupt renal sympathetic nerves and lower blood pressure?

A) Angioplasty

B) Coronary artery bypass grafting

C) Carotid endarterectomy

D) Renal denervation

E) Pacemaker insertion

Answer: D) Renal denervation

Question 13:

Which of the following lifestyle changes is particularly effective in reducing blood pressure in hypertensive patients?

A) Reducing stress through meditation and relaxation techniques

B) Increasing caffeine intake

C) Skipping meals to reduce caloric intake

D) Decreasing physical activity to avoid exertion

E) Increasing alcohol consumption in moderation

Answer: A) Reducing stress through meditation and relaxation techniques

Question 14:

For hypertensive patients with heart failure, which class of medications is commonly used to improve cardiac function and reduce symptoms?

A) Beta-blockers

B) Diuretics

C) Alpha-blockers

D) Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

E) Calcium channel blockers

Answer: D) Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)

Question 15:

Which lifestyle change is crucial for managing hypertension in older adults?

A) Avoiding all types of physical exercise

B) Adopting a low-protein diet

C) Staying socially isolated to reduce stress

D) Regular monitoring of blood pressure

E) Increasing sugar intake to maintain energy levels

Answer: D) Regular monitoring of blood pressure